Hot-air stove or furnace



Aug. 20, 1929. A, M, MERTZANQFF 1,725,468

HOT AIR sTovE 0R FURNACE Filed July 31, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 i r l i ioa ' l y /NLENTOR MW WW.

mad

ATTORNEY AUS 20, 1929 lA. M. MERTzANoFF 1,725,468

HOT AIR STOVE OR FURNACE Aug. 20, l929- A. M. MERTzANoFF HOT AIR STOVEOR FURNACE Filed July 31, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 y 1N KEA/TOR ATTORNEYAug. 20,1929. A. M. MERTzANol-'F HOT AIR STOVE OR FURNACE Filed July 3l,1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 /NVENTOR A TTORNEY Patented Aug. 20, 1929.

UNITED STATI-:s

1,725,468 PATENT OFFICE.

ANDR M. MERTZANOFF, OF NEW YORK', N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN RADIATORCOMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N'. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

HOT-AIR STOVE OR FURNACE.

.Application filed July 31, 1925. SerialNo.v 47,183.

My invention relates to improvements in heating apparatus, and the samehas for its object more particularly to provide a hot air stove orfurnace which is simple in con struction, efficient in operation andinexpensive to produce.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide an apparatus inwhich the heat absorbing and heat emitting portions are formed as aunitary structure or casting.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a heatingappara-tus of the type specified in which the exposed Wall portions areof such form and contour that the air as it is heatedwill, in followingits natural course, be caused to iinpinge upon and contact closely withsaid Wall portions in its passage through the apparatus.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a heatingapparatus of the type specied comprising a heat emitting element and anenclosing casing therefor whose adjacent Wall portions are so formedwith respect to said element that the same form passages for the air,the cross-sectional area of which is proportional to the volume and rateof How of the air passing therethrough.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a heatingapparatus of the character specified in which the heat emitting portionis formed as a unitary casting having its wall portions which becomehottest, so formed as to crowd or force, or so retard the air that thesame will become thoroughly initially heated and expanded upon firstentering the apparatus, and then further heated by its Contact with theremaining portions of said walls, and by the heat radiated by the upperpart of said Walls.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a heatingapparatus of the type specified having the outer wall portions of itsheat emitting portion curved to follow the normal direction of the flowof the heated air, and provided with a series of curved vertical,parallel ribs or vanes form ing extended air heating surfaces.

Further, said invention has for its object.

to provide a heating apparatus of the type specified in which the air isreceived and heated and discharged at a uniform tem-- perature, and at asubstantially constant rate` of flow.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a heatingapparatus in which the heat emitting element, comprising the combustionchamber and fuel receptacle, and the ash pit, is so constructed as toemit the heat of combustion at a rate which will not cause or permit thecasting, constituting said heat emitting element,to become overheated orimpaired.

Other objects will inpart be obvious and 1n 'part be pointed outhereinafter.

To the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends my inventionconsists in the novel details of construction, and in the combination,connection and arragement of parts hereinafter more fully described andthen pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming part'of this specification- Figure1 is a front elevationfshowing one form ofheating apparatus constructedacc ording to, and embodying my said invention;

Fig. 2 isa side elevation;

Fig. 3 is a top view;

Fig. 4 is afront View, partly broken away to disclose the interiorconstruction;

Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the heating element with the enclosingcasing broken away;

Fig. 6 is a sideV elevation artly broken away and in section, takensubstantially on the line 6-'6 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line 7 7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8Y is a detail perspective view of the heating element, with thedooi` frame detached therefrom;

Figs. 9 and 10 are detail perspective views showing a portion of theire'door opening and rill therefor, and the means for detachalilysupporting said grill;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged detailsection showing the same parts illustratedat Figs. 9 and 10;

Fig. 12 is a detail horizontal Section on the line 12-12 of Fig. 6,v andFig. 13 is a detail section on the line 13 13 of Fig. G.

In said drawings the invention is shown as embodiedin a stove adapted tobe placed Within the room or chamber to be heated directly thereby, andin said drawing 10 designates the apparatus as a whole comprising anouter casing or. jacket 11, and` a heating element 12- arrangedwithin'and enclosed thereby.

The heating element 12 is formed of cast iron, and may be made inseveral parts and secured together, but by preference the same is formeda unitary casting and comprises a reduced rectangular ash receptacle 12bfrom the upper portion Vof which extends a hollow, substantiallyelliptical, Jortion 13 having straight front and back portions 14 and15. The inner yportion of said casting forms a fuel' receptacle 16 andcombustion chamber 17. The heating element 12 is provided at its lowercorners with integral feet 20, 20 whereby to support the same inslight-l ly elevated posit-ion.

The ash receptacle 12b is provided at its front with an opening 12a, andthe upper elliptical portion is provided with a fuel opening 13a, whichare enclosed by an integral rectangular frame portion 18 which is.livided by a horizontal member 19 arranged between said openings 12@Land 13a.

The lower edge of the frame portion 18 extends below the base of the ashreceptacle 12b.

The rear wall of the elliptical upper portion 13 of the heating element12 is provided adjacent to its upper end with a smoke outlet 2()m havinga collar 21. 22 denotes an elbow having a iiange 23 whereby the same issecured to the upper portion 13 of the Y heating element, over thecollar 21. The elbow 22 is provided with a tubular portion 24 throughwhich extends the upper end of a rod having 'a head 26 in its upper endengaging an eccentric 27 mounted upon the rear end of a shaft 28supported in bearings 28a upon the heating element 12. The forward endof said shaft extends to the front of vthe lapparatus and is providedwith an operating handle` 29 and a pointer 29 working over an indicatingplate 29b secured to the front of the apparatus. The upper and lowerends of the rod 25 extend through, and are guided by brackets 30, 30a,projecting from the rear wall of the heating element 12. The rod 25 isprovided adjacent to its lower end with 'two separated shoulders orcollars 31between the lowermost of which and the bracket 30a is provideda spring 32 to maintain said rod in normally raised position. Y

33 denotes a lever pivotally mounted intermediate its ends upon the*bracket4 30% The lower end of said lever is bifurcated and looselyengages the rod 25 between the collars 31 thereon, and to the upper endof said lever is pivotally secured a disk or damper 34 serving tocontrol the fresh air inlet opening 23L provided in the rear wall of theash pit 12b.`

The lower halfiof the fuel opening 13a is provided with a removablysupported grill or louvre frame 37 comprising side members 38 united byinclined transverse members 39. The side members 38 are providedadjacent to the upper ends with sockets 40, and adjacent to their lowerends with studs 41, adapted to engage, respectively with studs 40a, andsockets 41L provided upon each of the adjacent vertical'wall portions ofthe fuel opening.

The grate is composed of a plurality of revoluble bars 42 which havetheir reduced rear ends supported in sockets 42a provided in the rearwall of the heating lelement 12, and their forward ends supported in aplate 43 secured to lugs 44 provided on the heating element 12 betweenthe ash pit and fuel receptacle. The reduced forwardly projecting endsof the grate bars 42 have fixedI thereon inter-meshing gears 45, and oneof said ends is provided with a polygonal portion 45fL to be engaged byan operating handle.

The ash pit opening 12a' is provided with a door frame 4G to which ispivotally secured a door 47, and to the front of the heating element 12,and surrounding the ash pit opening 12a and fuel opening 13aL is sc-voured a -flanged frame 48 to which is pivotal'- ly secured a door 49.The door 49 serves simultaneously to control the fuel opening andenclose the door of the ash pit opening.,

The metal jacket 11 comprises side members 51, a front member 52, a backmemberv I 53, and a top member 54 suitably secured together along theiradjacent edges.

The front member 52 is secured by bolts to the large door frame 48, andthe back member 53 is similarly secured to a flange 23 on the elbow 22of the smoke outlet.

The side wall members 51 are `provided at their lower portions with airintake apertures 55; and the ent-ire top member 54 is provided withsimilar air outlet apertures The entire outer surfaces of the ellipticalor curved side walls of the upper portion 13 of the heating element areprovided with alternately deep and shallow parallel ribs or fins 26,26d, which conform in outline to said side walls, and the entire outerVside of tllje back is provided with similar deep fins 2 a.

The spaces between the side walls of the heating element 12, and theadjacent wall portions of the enclosing casing 11 form passages for theair to be heated. The side walls of the ash pit 12b are vertical andparallel with the side walls of the casing but Vare farthest removedtherefrom so as to provide a relatively large intake chamber orreservoir for the air to be heated, while the side walls of the bodyportion adjacent to, or directly above, said ash receptacle are closestto the side walls of the enclosing casing and then curve inwardgradually towards and meet at the top of the heating element, therebyforming air passages each of which has a constricted entrance portion,

llll

which tapers towards its outlet end at which point it is widest. As aresult of this arrangement of the parts, an air passage is formed ateach side of the apparatus having a relativel large intake chambercommunicating directly with the outer air (room air) in which theentering air is at once slightly heated by contact with the walls of theheating element, and slightly expanded, and thence forced into andthrough the constricted portion of the passage where, by contact withthe hottest parts of the heating element the air will be further heatedand expanded, and pass upwardly into the gradually wider portions of thepassage and become still further heated and expanded, by contact withthe wall of said heating element l2 and by the heat radiated from saidheating element, and finally issue in highly heated state through theoutlet openings in the top of the casing 11.

Having thus described my said invention, what I claim and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

l. A heating apparatus of the character specified comprising a heatingelement including a hollow body portion whose interior forms a fuelreceptacle and combustion chamber, and an ashpit; said body having anapertured front providing access to said fuel receptacle, and saidashpit, a casing enclosing said heating element having an openingtherein registering with the apertured front portion of said bodyportion, and means for securing said casing along the edges of theopening therein to said body portion, substantially as specified.

2. A heating apparatus of the character specified comprising a heatingelement including a hollow body portion whose interior forms a fuelreceptacle and combustion chamber and an ashpit; said body portionhaving an apertured front providing access to said fuel receptacle andsaid ashpit, a frame surrounding the apertured portion of said front,means for securing said frame to said body portion in position over saidapertured portion, a casing enclosing said heating element having anopening therein registering with the opening in said frame, and meansfor securing said casing along the edges of the opening therein to saidframe, substantially as specified.

3. A heating apparatus of the character specied comprising a heatingelement including a hollow body portion whose interior forms a fuelreceptacle and combustion chamber and an ashpit; said body portionhaving an apertured front providing access to said fuel receptacle andsaid ashpit, a frame surrounding the apertured port-ion of said front, aperipheral flange on said frame, means for securing said frame to saidbody portion in position over said apertured portion, a casing enclosingsaid heating element having an opening therein registering with theopening in said frame, and means for securing said casing along theedges of the opening therein to said frame, substantially as specified.

4. A heating apparatus of the character specied comprising a heatingelement including a hollow body portion Whose interior forms a fuelreceptacle and combustion chamber and an ashpit; said body portionhaving openings therein communicating with said fuel receptacle and saidashpit, a frame having openings registering with the openings in saidbody portion, a peripheral ilange on said frame, means for securing saidframe to said body portion in position over the openings therein, and acasing enclosing said heating element having an opening thereinregistering with the openings in said frame, and means for securing saidcasing along the edges of the opening therein to said frame,substantially as specified.

5. A heating apparatus of the character described comprising anintegrally cast heating element having a hollow body portion whoseinterior forms a fuel receptacle and combustion chamber, and arelatively constricted ash pit portion below said body portion; saidbody portion having normal front and back walls and side walls curvingupwardly and inwardly over the top, vertical ribs on said back and sidewalls, a casing enclosing said body and ash pit portions; said casingforming with said ash pit portion relatively large intake chambers forthe air to be heated and forming with said body portion air heatingpassages having a relatively constricted portion adjacent to said intakechamber and portions becoming gradually and progressively larger incross-sectional area as the same approach the outlet portion thereof,air inlet means in said casing adjacent to said ash pit portion, and airoutlet means at the upper portion of said casing, substantially asspecified.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county and State of New York,this 14th day of May, One thousand nine hundred and twenty-live.

ANDR M. MERTZANOFF.

